{"id":52627,"date":"2021-05-20T20:50:32","date_gmt":"2021-05-21T01:50:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/?p=52627"},"modified":"2021-05-20T20:50:32","modified_gmt":"2021-05-21T01:50:32","slug":"independencia-o-libertad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfIndependencia o libertad?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Por: <b><span lang=\"ES\">Carlos Bastidas Padilla<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Despu\u00e9s del Descubrimiento de Am\u00e9rica, estos pueblos, que ahora son rep\u00fablicas supuestamente democr\u00e1ticas y soberanas, vinieron a dar en virreinatos y capitan\u00edas en donde se ejerc\u00eda el poder soberano de un rey lejano que gobernaba desde all\u00e1, pero que desde ac\u00e1 mandaban. Quienes ac\u00e1 ten\u00edan la vara del mand\u00f3n eran peninsulares de f\u00e9rrea raigambre tradicionalista, por ende, monarquistas y papistas; por eso mismo, interesados en mantener el esp\u00edritu y las formas medievales de vida y de gobierno en Am\u00e9rica. Estos hijos de espa\u00f1oles, pero nacidos en Am\u00e9rica: hacendados, mineros, esclavistas, comerciantes, miembros de la administraci\u00f3n virreinal, lanzados a la revoluci\u00f3n contra el rey, conformaron juntas de gobierno depositarias de la soberan\u00eda nacional (a la manera espa\u00f1ola, cuando Fernando VII estaba en poder de Napole\u00f3n), firmaron las \u201cActas\u201d y organizaron gobiernos aut\u00f3nomos embelesados en la soberan\u00eda regional que devino en guerras civiles y en cambios constitucionales al d\u00eda de los intereses partidistas y de los caudillos regionales que, cuando la inestabilidad constitucional ces\u00f3, se convirtieron en gamonales, que si bien no movilizaban sus huestes a los azares de\u00a0 la guerra, las arrastraban a las urnas electorales para perpetuar su poder fincado en la supremac\u00eda de la casta y en el dominio econ\u00f3mico siempre insatisfecho, expansionista y falsamente paternalista. Se hab\u00eda logrado la independencia de la metr\u00f3poli; pero no la libertad, si segu\u00eda el \u201cpueblo soberano\u201d hu\u00e9rfano de poder y v\u00edctima ahora de un gobierno central que antes se llamaba virrey y ahora presidente; del hacendado, antes llamado encomendero, y de la Iglesia que sigui\u00f3 siendo la misma, acomod\u00e1ndose a\u00a0 las circunstancias, como el murci\u00e9lago entre los p\u00e1jaros y los ratones.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cMe ruborizo al decirlo: la independencia es el \u00fanico bien que hemos adquirido a costa de los dem\u00e1s\u201d, dijo el Libertador al clausurar el Congreso Admirable (1830). Conmemoramos ahora el bicentenario de nuestra mayor gesta; pero la independencia, en s\u00ed, no es suficiente cuando se trata de construir un pa\u00eds que sea una patria para todos. No basta con la independencia: la libertad debe ser el m\u00e1ximo logro, el m\u00e1s elevado, el m\u00e1s perfecto. Nuestros pr\u00f3ceres de hace m\u00e1s de doscientos a\u00f1os nos empujaron a los campos de la guerra para conseguir la independencia de Espa\u00f1a, y nos engolosinaron con la pr\u00e9dica de la\u00a0 libertad ideal; pero nada dijeron de la libertad real, con tierra, con vivienda, salud, trabajo, educaci\u00f3n y alternativas de acci\u00f3n y vida. La independencia la logramos; la libertad la estamos buscando todav\u00eda, porque con ella se quedaron los detentadores del gobierno a puerta cerrada, los que se apropiaron y se quedaron con la tierra, con los medios de producci\u00f3n, con el negro, con el indio, con el obrero, con la mano de obra barata, con las arcas del presupuesto estatal, con el cu\u00f1o de hacer monedas, con el ej\u00e9rcito libertador, y hasta con la bendici\u00f3n de Dios (de la Introducci\u00f3n de \u201cBoyac\u00e1, senderos de gloria\u201d. Bogot\u00e1: NC producciones, 2019, 220 p\u00e1gs.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Por: Carlos Bastidas Padilla Despu\u00e9s del Descubrimiento de Am\u00e9rica, estos pueblos, que ahora son rep\u00fablicas supuestamente democr\u00e1ticas y soberanas, vinieron a dar en virreinatos y capitan\u00edas en donde se ejerc\u00eda el poder soberano de un rey lejano que gobernaba desde all\u00e1, pero que desde ac\u00e1 mandaban. Quienes ac\u00e1 ten\u00edan la vara del mand\u00f3n eran peninsulares [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":52628,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[94],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52627","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nacional-global-2"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u00bfIndependencia o libertad? | P\u00e1gina10<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00bfIndependencia o libertad? | P\u00e1gina10\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Por: Carlos Bastidas Padilla Despu\u00e9s del Descubrimiento de Am\u00e9rica, estos pueblos, que ahora son rep\u00fablicas supuestamente democr\u00e1ticas y soberanas, vinieron a dar en virreinatos y capitan\u00edas en donde se ejerc\u00eda el poder soberano de un rey lejano que gobernaba desde all\u00e1, pero que desde ac\u00e1 mandaban. Quienes ac\u00e1 ten\u00edan la vara del mand\u00f3n eran peninsulares [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"P\u00e1gina10\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pag10com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-05-21T01:50:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Captura-de-Pantalla-2021-05-20-a-las-8.49.43-p.-m..png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1026\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"602\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Columnista Invitado\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@Pag10com\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Pag10com\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Columnista Invitado\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Columnista Invitado\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/#\/schema\/person\/21249ac8e46fa849c3df7b78feed163e\"},\"headline\":\"\u00bfIndependencia o libertad?\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-05-21T01:50:32+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/\"},\"wordCount\":538,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Captura-de-Pantalla-2021-05-20-a-las-8.49.43-p.-m..png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Nacional\"],\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/\",\"name\":\"\u00bfIndependencia o libertad? | P\u00e1gina10\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Captura-de-Pantalla-2021-05-20-a-las-8.49.43-p.-m..png\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-05-21T01:50:32+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Captura-de-Pantalla-2021-05-20-a-las-8.49.43-p.-m..png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Captura-de-Pantalla-2021-05-20-a-las-8.49.43-p.-m..png\",\"width\":1026,\"height\":602},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Portada\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u00bfIndependencia o libertad?\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/\",\"name\":\"P\u00e1gina10\",\"description\":\"Peri\u00f3dico Regional\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"P\u00e1gina10 Peri\u00f3dico Regional\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/#organization\",\"name\":\"P\u00e1gina10\",\"alternateName\":\"P\u00e1gina10 Peri\u00f3dico Regional\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/40-pagina-10-periodico-regional-pasto.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/40-pagina-10-periodico-regional-pasto.jpg\",\"width\":1280,\"height\":720,\"caption\":\"P\u00e1gina10\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pag10com\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/Pag10com\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/pagina10col\/\",\"https:\/\/youtube.com\/channel\/pag10\",\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@p10col\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/#\/schema\/person\/21249ac8e46fa849c3df7b78feed163e\",\"name\":\"Columnista Invitado\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/author\/invitado\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u00bfIndependencia o libertad? | P\u00e1gina10","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/","og_locale":"es_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u00bfIndependencia o libertad? | P\u00e1gina10","og_description":"Por: Carlos Bastidas Padilla Despu\u00e9s del Descubrimiento de Am\u00e9rica, estos pueblos, que ahora son rep\u00fablicas supuestamente democr\u00e1ticas y soberanas, vinieron a dar en virreinatos y capitan\u00edas en donde se ejerc\u00eda el poder soberano de un rey lejano que gobernaba desde all\u00e1, pero que desde ac\u00e1 mandaban. Quienes ac\u00e1 ten\u00edan la vara del mand\u00f3n eran peninsulares [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/","og_site_name":"P\u00e1gina10","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pag10com","article_published_time":"2021-05-21T01:50:32+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1026,"height":602,"url":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Captura-de-Pantalla-2021-05-20-a-las-8.49.43-p.-m..png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Columnista Invitado","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@Pag10com","twitter_site":"@Pag10com","twitter_misc":{"Escrito por":"Columnista Invitado","Tiempo de lectura":"3 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/"},"author":{"name":"Columnista Invitado","@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/#\/schema\/person\/21249ac8e46fa849c3df7b78feed163e"},"headline":"\u00bfIndependencia o libertad?","datePublished":"2021-05-21T01:50:32+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/"},"wordCount":538,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Captura-de-Pantalla-2021-05-20-a-las-8.49.43-p.-m..png","articleSection":["Nacional"],"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/","url":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/","name":"\u00bfIndependencia o libertad? | P\u00e1gina10","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Captura-de-Pantalla-2021-05-20-a-las-8.49.43-p.-m..png","datePublished":"2021-05-21T01:50:32+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Captura-de-Pantalla-2021-05-20-a-las-8.49.43-p.-m..png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Captura-de-Pantalla-2021-05-20-a-las-8.49.43-p.-m..png","width":1026,"height":602},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/independencia-o-libertad\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Portada","item":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u00bfIndependencia o libertad?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/#website","url":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/","name":"P\u00e1gina10","description":"Peri\u00f3dico Regional","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/#organization"},"alternateName":"P\u00e1gina10 Peri\u00f3dico Regional","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/#organization","name":"P\u00e1gina10","alternateName":"P\u00e1gina10 Peri\u00f3dico Regional","url":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/40-pagina-10-periodico-regional-pasto.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/40-pagina-10-periodico-regional-pasto.jpg","width":1280,"height":720,"caption":"P\u00e1gina10"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pag10com","https:\/\/x.com\/Pag10com","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/pagina10col\/","https:\/\/youtube.com\/channel\/pag10","https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@p10col"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/#\/schema\/person\/21249ac8e46fa849c3df7b78feed163e","name":"Columnista Invitado","url":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/author\/invitado\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52627","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52627"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52627\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":52629,"href":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52627\/revisions\/52629"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/52628"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52627"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52627"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pagina10.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52627"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}